Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology presents DEPA guideline for secure data exchange in AI training
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Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology presents DEPA guideline for secure data exchange in AI training

The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has officially released the Data Expansion and Protection Architecture (DEPA) guideline intended for artificial intelligence training purposes. This document serves as a technical and legal framework that enables various institutions to share data for AI training while maintaining control over their own data.

The guideline was presented by Secretary for Information Technology S. Krishnan at a round table held in Bengaluru, supported by the iSPIRT Foundation. According to an official statement, this structure integrates contractual permissions, controlled computing environments, and privacy protection mechanisms.

Furthermore, DEPA includes data provenance tracking, which allows tracing the source, permissions, and usage of data throughout the entire training process, thereby supporting transparency and accountability. Krishnan emphasized that India's ambitions in AI must align with the capability to use data responsibly and securely, noting MeitY's commitment to developing this structure.

Chief Scientific Advisor Ajay Kumar Sood explained that within DEPA, the model moves to the data, not vice versa. He noted that this facilitates collaboration among multiple parties and cross-border interaction, characterizing DEPA as India's contribution to global scientific diplomacy.

The round table gathered representatives from various stakeholders, including government bodies, industry, and academia.

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New Artificial Intelligence Model Dessa Demonstrates Ability for Realistic Human Communication
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iol.co.za

New Artificial Intelligence Model Dessa Demonstrates Ability for Realistic Human Communication

Existing artificial intelligence models excel at routine tasks such as document drafting, image generation, or coding assistance. However, a new product called Dessa has entered the market, offering a completely different level of human interaction.

Dessa is a conversational AI that sounded remarkably like a young woman during demonstrations. The intonation, word choice, and overall rhythm of speech seemed incredibly natural, not resembling a cold database containing the entirety of human knowledge.

When listening to the recording without knowing that an AI was involved, a listener could genuinely believe they were hearing a casual conversation between two real people. During a recorded dialogue with one of Dessa's developers, it even let out a spontaneous laugh mid-sentence, bypassing the standard requirement to wait for the interlocutor to finish their thought.

Unlike traditional voice assistants, which operate with predictable latency—they listen attentively, wait for complete silence, and respond in a clipped, strictly regulated manner—Dessa completely breaks this pattern. Interaction with it feels unprecedented and almost slightly unsettling precisely because of the subtle emotions and unrehearsed timing embedded in its delivery.

The model intentionally emphasizes the emotional nuances of human dialogue, actively listening and responding with genuine real-time presence. By mastering the organic rhythm and pace of conversation, Dessa does more than just improve voice synthesis; it sets a powerful new standard for how artificial intelligence will interact with us, offering a vivid glimpse into a future where humans and machines are virtually indistinguishable.

The future of AI will be determined by a combination of various models, not one dominant technology
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olhardigital.com.br

The future of AI will be determined by a combination of various models, not one dominant technology

In recent years, the development of artificial intelligence has been perceived as a technological race, where after each launch, new comparisons, benchmark tables, and predictions emerged about which company was approaching leadership in the next major digital transformation. It often seemed that the entire debate boiled down to one question: which model is the best at the moment?

However, after a recent immersion in Silicon Valley, the author got the feeling that this question, while still relevant, is no longer central. Part of this understanding stems from the fact that he visited Silicon Valley almost ten years after his first visit.

There is something interesting about immersing oneself in an ecosystem that unites some of the world's most influential companies, investors, and universities. Just as when traveling to any culture, we begin to absorb local peculiarities, in the US, especially in California, you inevitably become influenced by the speed of releases, technology consumption, and the constant feeling that the future is being built there.

Something similar is happening in Silicon Valley: there is a natural tendency to focus on themes dominating regional conversations and consider them an accurate reflection of the coming years. This often has a basis, as many significant technological changes of the last few decades took place there before reaching the rest of the world.

But any highly connected environment carries a risk: the risk of confusing consensus with absolute certainty. This is what attracted the most attention during the trip.

Unlike most public discussions about AI, few conversations revolved around competition between models or the search for the next technological leap capable of changing the market. A more frequent topic was how artificial intelligence is integrating into the products, processes, and operations of organizations, rather than which laboratory owns the most advanced system at the moment.

This shift in focus manifested differently throughout the week. Discussions with executives from Snowflake and Elementum, for example, were not about which model ranks highest or which company would release the next big thing. The discussion was focused on the transformation of enterprise software. The general consensus was that a phase is beginning where intelligent agents start interacting directly with large volumes of data, performing tasks that previously required manual navigation through systems, report analysis, and making several operational decisions by a human.

For decades, most enterprise software was created to organize information and facilitate human labor. Now, there is an expectation that these systems will not just present information but also act upon it. This may be one of the most important changes brought about by AI. The impact is not only in the technology itself but also in how companies begin to function. For the first time in many years, the discussion seems less related to the tool being used and more to the ability to quickly, integratively, and efficiently turn data into action.

At the same time, some visits showed that not everyone follows the exact same path. For instance, at Liquid AI, there was a viewpoint contrasting with most popular narratives in the sector. While a large part of the industry continues to bet on ever-larger models and ever-more powerful infrastructure, this company is developing more compact systems designed for local operation on devices such as mobile phones, vehicles, and onboard equipment.

The interest in this concept is not just in the technology itself. It reminds us that innovation does not happen in one direction. There is a natural inclination to link technological progress with increased computational power, investment, and model size. However, in many cases, the task is precisely the opposite: creating more efficient, accessible, and easily integrated solutions into people's daily lives and businesses.

Perhaps this was one of the main lessons of the trip. When we look at the AI market from afar, it seems like there is one race going on. But when we look closely, we realize that many different races are happening simultaneously. There are large generative models; there are specialized systems; there are multimodal applications combining text, image, audio, and video; there are enterprise solutions designed to solve very specific problems; and there are companies betting on making all of this easier and more distributed.

Therefore, the idea that the market will move towards one dominant technology is becoming less likely. A scenario of coexistence of different approaches is emerging, each suited for specific contexts, constraints, and needs.

This shift is also changing how organizations approach technology strategy. For a long time, the logic was relatively simple: find the best available tool and implement it. With the advent of AI, the equation includes a number of other variables. Issues of integration, governance, privacy, speed of adoption, operational costs, and business compliance are becoming as important as the complexity of the chosen technology.

In practice, a company may gain much greater value from a simple, well-integrated solution in its processes than from using extremely advanced technology in isolation. Perhaps this is why the discussion of implementation is taking up more space than the discussion of capabilities.

Another aspect that caught attention was the frequent turning of technological conversations into conversations about people. This became particularly evident during the visit to Stanford. Despite the university being in one of the most advanced ecosystems in the world for AI, a significant part of the discussions remained focused on topics such as education, talent development, shaping organizational culture, and leadership development.

This does not seem coincidental. The history of Silicon Valley has never been exclusively a story about technology. It has always been deeply connected to the ability to transform knowledge into innovation. Tools change. Platforms change. Companies appear and disappear. But preparing people who can learn, adapt, and create remains a constant element.

This point becomes even more relevant as AI becomes accessible to more and more organizations. Access to the technology, naturally, tends toward democratization. Knowledge of how to use it strategically, however, remains a difficult-to-replicate advantage.

The systematic implementation of AI requires much more than just hiring a platform or providing new resources to teams. It requires rethinking processes, developing competencies, revising workflows, creating oversight mechanisms, and preparing people to work in an environment where part of the analysis, decision-making, and execution is supported by intelligent systems.

Therefore, the main takeaway the author had after this experience is not about which company will lead the AI race or which model will become the standard in the coming years. The feeling is that we are leaving the phase where the center of discussion was isolated technology and entering a stage much more focused on practical application. The next phase of AI will not be defined by one revolutionary model replacing all others. It will be built on a combination of various technologies, the ability to integrate them into existing processes, and most importantly, the ability of organizations to turn these capabilities into tangible results.

Ultimately, artificial intelligence remains a technological topic. But after so many conversations during the trip, it is hard not to conclude that it is increasingly turning into a discussion of strategy, execution, and organizational adaptation. Perhaps this is why the most important question is no longer who possesses the most advanced AI. The question that seems to be gaining more importance is another: who will be able to use it better.

Vodacom proposes softer AI regulations amid Pretoria policy review
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techcentral.co.za

Vodacom proposes softer AI regulations amid Pretoria policy review

Vodacom has called on African governments not to fully adopt the EU's Artificial Intelligence Directive, warning that adhering to European standards could 'stifle innovation, push out developing African developers, and slow down equitable access to locally relevant AI.'

This argument is central to the document 'Governing Artificial Intelligence in Africa: A Principles-based Framework for Responsible Regulation,' which Vodacom developed with the law firm Bowmans and released on Wednesday. The publication coincides with South Africa's ongoing revision of its national AI policy. Communications Minister Solly Malatsi previously withdrew a draft in April after discovering fictitious references. His department now plans to release an updated version in the first quarter of next year, Malatsi announced at a presentation in Randburg last week.

During the launch of the document, Ayman Essam, Vodacom's Head of External Relations, stated: 'Africa must have a significant voice in shaping the rules that will govern its future in AI.'

Document Proposals

The document highlights four African specificities that should shape regulation: infrastructure limitations, fragmented data governance, uneven digital literacy, and deep inequality, given that about 86% of Africa's workforce is employed in the informal sector.

The framework is based on six principles (transparency, accountability, fairness, safety, privacy, and proportionality), which the authors claim are present in almost all reviewed national systems. The document adapts these principles to African conditions:

  • Providing information in simple language in local languages;
  • Having non-digital ways to appeal AI decisions where connectivity or literacy is limited; and
  • Implementing fairness measures that account for people outside formal data systems.

It is also argued that risk assessment should be conducted at the local level. For example, a credit scoring system in an economy dominated by the informal sector should be classified differently than the same system in Europe because the 'potential for exclusionary harm is materially higher.'

Why Not Europe

The preferred model proposed in the document is a horizontal baseline 'building on elements of the EU AI Act' and supports the act's risk-based logic. However, it notes that the law presupposes the existence of conformity assessment bodies, market surveillance authorities, and specialized regulators, which many African countries lack.

Furthermore, it cites European Commission estimates of compliance costs ranging from 6,000 to 7,000 euros per AI application. According to the Commission, this amount applies to the average high-risk system type; other systems would have 'only minimal information obligations.' The UK model relies on mature industry regulators, as the document points out. Singapore's guidance-based approach is 'particularly relevant' for Africa, but it depends on private sector complexity, which is inconsistent across the continent.

Lessons for Pretoria

The document does not address South Africa's withdrawn proposal, which suggested seven new institutions, including a National AI Commission, an AI Ethics Council, and a National AI Security Institute. Vodacom believes that establishing a separate AI agency 'requires substantial resources that most African jurisdictions currently cannot allocate.'

Instead, it recommends a hybrid model: a leading coordinating body, preferably housed within an existing ministry or regulator; industry regulators applying AI rules in their respective domains; and a multilateral advisory council. It adds that in many countries, strengthening existing data protection, competition, and telecommunications laws 'may provide more immediate governance benefits than developing autonomous AI legislation.'

The department appears to be moving in a similar direction regarding sectors. In July, Acting Deputy CEO Jeanette Morwane told TechCentral that the review would allow individual sectors to write their own AI strategies based on a set of national guidelines. Khusela Diko, chairperson of the parliamentary communications committee, then stated: 'We do not necessarily need to create many new institutions.' But she added: 'It must go beyond principles; we understand the principles.'

The document's three-stage roadmap begins with a national AI strategy, a leading body, and basic transparency rules for high-risk systems, such as those determining access to credit, healthcare, or employment. Following certain triggers come mandatory impact assessments and incident reporting, including a data protection authority with enforcement powers and a budgeted AI strategy. Independent audits and national and regional registries of high-risk systems take the final place.

Vodacom is interested in the outcome. Recognizing its dual role as both an AI developer and a reform advocate, the company notes that 'this requires transparency.' It strongly urges governments to favor principle-based guidance and 'regulatory experiments over strictly prescriptive technical requirements,' which is a softer approach than the EU's.

Within its hybrid model, AI in telecommunications will fall under the purview of telecom regulators with whom Vodacom already works, rather than a new agency. Additionally, Heather Irvine from Bowmans is part of the independent expert group appointed by Malatsi in May to assist in restoring South Africa's policy, the firm disclosed.

International Level

The document views regional economic communities, such as the Southern African Development Community, as a potentially more realistic path than binding continental treaties. It notes that the African Union's Malabo Convention on Cybersecurity and Data Protection has only been ratified by 20 of its 55 member states.

Bowmans partner Kate Paterson stated: 'Africa has the opportunity to develop regulatory approaches that utilize best global practices while remaining firmly rooted in local legal, economic, and social realities.'

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