Over 500 million children worldwide remain without education due to conflicts and climate change
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Aaj Tak
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Over 500 million children worldwide remain without education due to conflicts and climate change

More than 500 million children around the world face extremely difficult conditions to receive an education, including in Gaza, Sudan, and Nepal. Wars, population displacement, and climate change negatively affect children's learning in many parts of the planet. In addition to the need for massive funding to ensure access to education, the world faces the task of getting these children into schools.

The situation in the conflict zone in Sudan was demonstrated in one of the schools. In a small and very hot sixth-grade classroom, one teacher taught 120 students, including an 18-year-old girl. She had to leave home three years ago due to fighting, after which she married young and became a mother, but she still strives to complete her education.

Mesa Jalbout, director of the organization Education Cannot Wait, shared this experience during her visit to the school. She reported that the temperature in the classroom reached 44 degrees Celsius, and there was no water supply or electricity. Despite this, the girl approached her with a request to ensure educational opportunities for her brothers, sisters, cousins, and orphaned friends.

According to Jalbout, the school was so small that hundreds of waiting children outside could not find space inside. The children asked her and other visitors to pass on a message about the need to build more schools. Jalbout stated that she would raise this issue before world leaders at the annual United Nations meeting this week.

The problem of education for more than 500 million needy children has become one of the key issues discussed at the UN meeting, alongside other topics. Some progress has been made in calls for fundraising for these children's education.

Gordon Brown, former Prime Minister of the UK and UN Special Envoy for Global Education, stated on Thursday that 273 million children are out of school. Furthermore, another 270 million children attend school but do not achieve sufficient literacy in reading, writing, or mathematics by age 11. He noted that many of these children are in areas affected by conflict or climate change.

Brown emphasized that the world should not limit the development potential of children in some countries but must be committed to developing the potential of all children in all countries at all times. He reminded governments of countries whose children are not in school of their pledge to spend 20 percent of their budget on education. He also reminded donor countries of their adoption of the UN Sustainable Development Goals in 2015, aimed at ensuring quality education for all children by 2030, noting that the world is still far from achieving this goal.

Brown expressed disappointment that the number of children out of school is not decreasing. He added that depriving a child of the basic right to education affects their entire life and the lives of their family.

Nevertheless, some results were achieved regarding education financing at the world leaders' meeting. On Wednesday, at the Global Partnership for Education event, it was announced that $3.5 billion would be raised from partners and donors to transform the education system and provide quality education in more than 90 least developed countries. Of this amount, $2.1 billion came from or is expected from governments and private philanthropists, and $1.4 billion was raised through co-financing. The latter includes $1 billion from development institutions and $400 million from the growing alliance of philanthropists and the private sector.

Nigerian President Bola Tinubu, who is a co-organizer of the campaign, stated that this funding helps dynamic and young countries like Nigeria overcome barriers preventing children, especially girls, from attending school and receiving an education. Education Cannot Wait focuses on 258 million school-age children affected by crises. Jalbout noted that this number significantly exceeds the number of children the organization can help.

As part of its activities, she announced the allocation of an emergency investment fund of $3 million for children in Gaza and the West Bank. These funds will help up to 13,000 of the most vulnerable children and adolescents. Priority will be given to children affected by conflict, as well as children with disabilities, who have lost parents or are left without family.

Jalbout pointed out that Gaza has the highest rate of limb loss among children per capita in the world. She stressed that for these children, survival is only the beginning. Children who have survived war, lost limbs, and possibly family, should not lose their future due to the inability to meet their needs. However, the funds are insufficient compared to the needs. Jalbout reported that for the third consecutive year, 660,000 children in Gaza are out of school, and about 70,000 young children lack access to preschool education.

In Nepal, the organization also provided 10 million...

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After three years when formal education was unavailable due to Israeli actions, 13-year-old Akram Helles was able to return to class. This Palestinian boy sits on a thin mattress with his seventh-grade classmates inside a white temporary tent on his first day of the 2026 school year.

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His father, 38-year-old Mohammed Helles, told Middle East Eye: 'We still cannot believe that Akram has finally been able to get into a real school after everything we have been through.' He added that during the war, Akram and his brothers were unable to study for a long time, and it was difficult for them to maintain online learning or enroll in private schools.

According to the United Nations Children's Fund (Unicef), about 700,000 students have been deprived of formal education since the genocide began in 2023. On Sunday, about 500,000 students returned to schooling for the first time across Gaza: 350,000 in public schools and 150,000 in schools managed by UNRWA, the UN agency for Palestinian refugees.

However, the schools they are returning to bear little resemblance to those before the war. According to Unicef, about 98 percent of schools in the Gaza Strip were damaged by the Israeli army, with about 80 percent sustaining direct hits. Many remaining buildings have been converted into shelters for displaced Palestinians, making regular schooling impossible.

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Climate change disrupts learning for 26.1 million children in India, according to UNICEF report
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Climate change disrupts learning for 26.1 million children in India, according to UNICEF report

The climate crisis is no longer solely an issue of weather or ecology; it has reached the sphere of education and children's access to schooling. According to a new study by the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF), in 2025, at least 171 million students worldwide had their education interrupted due to floods, hurricanes, heatwaves, and other natural disasters. Among these affected children are more than 26.1 million from India, accounting for about 15% of all affected students globally.

The report, titled 'Learning Interrupted: Global Snapshot of Climate-Related School Disruptions in 2025,' analyzed data from 106 countries. In India, the primary factor disrupting the educational process was hurricanes, which led to class closures due to school flooding, building damage, or extreme heat. These interruptions in schooling are not limited to a few days; frequent school closures lead to a loss of learning momentum and increase the risk of dropping out of school in the long term.

Globally, hurricanes affected the education of approximately 109 million children, floods affected at least 70 million, and heatwaves affected around 50 million. The situation is exacerbated by school closures, the need to switch to distance learning, or reduced attendance. For example, in Pakistan, over 28 million children's education was delayed due to monsoon floods, and the same number of children were affected by hurricanes in Egypt.

For India, this statistic raises serious concerns due to its large population and high level of climate risks. Frequent attacks in the form of hurricanes, floods, and heat weaken the education system. Multiple learning interruptions were observed in 40 countries during the year, with similar incidents recorded in countries such as Madagascar and Spain.

Approximately 75 percent of the 171 million affected students live in low- and lower-middle-income countries. These nations lack the resources to ensure school safety and rapid recovery after disasters. The risks are higher for girls: school and toilet damage, forced family displacement, or reduced income can place domestic responsibilities on young women, hindering their return to school and increasing the likelihood of early marriage.

UNICEF predicts that if no action is taken, the affected children in 2025 could lose at least $20 trillion in future earnings, which would also negatively impact poverty reduction and productivity.

Katrin Russell, Executive Director of UNICEF, emphasizes that climate catastrophes pose a threat to both the lives and the future of children. She considers it vital to strengthen school infrastructure, create mechanisms for continuing education during disasters, increase funding, and educate children about climate issues. It is also important to use data for more accurate risk forecasting.

Future risks will increase: by 2050, a threefold increase in the threat of extreme heat and an eightfold increase in flood risk are expected. Therefore, preparation must begin immediately. Schools are not just buildings; they are the path to children's dreams, and protecting this path from the climate crisis has become not a choice, but an urgent necessity. Ensuring the safety of every child's education requires joint efforts from governments, local communities, and international organizations.

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