A sudden crash occurred in the Indian stock market on Thursday, triggered by mass selling, which caused panic among investors. In the second half of the day, the Sensex index lost over 1200 points, while Nifty showed a significant drop of 390 points.
During trading, the Sensex slipped to the level of 73,595.21 with a sharp decline, while the Nifty of the National Stock Exchange (NSE) fell below the 23050 mark. Within hours, this correction led to billions of rupees in losses for investors.
Precursors to this crisis were weak signals received from American markets the previous day, Wednesday. On Wednesday, the Dow Jones and Nasdaq indices closed in negative territory.
There are four main reasons that contributed to this decline. Firstly, regulations from the IRDAI led to a fall in stocks in the insurance and financial services sectors. The IRDAI's proposal to set a cap on insurance distribution commission caused a sharp decline in fintech and insurance companies. For example, PB Fintech dropped by 20%, and large stocks such as Axis Bank, HDFC Bank, and Bajaj Finance declined by 2%–5%.
Secondly, there was an increase in bond yields. The yield on 10-year US Treasury bonds jumped to 5.11%, reaching the highest level in 19 years. This intensified concerns that the US Federal Reserve might keep interest rates higher than expected for longer. The rise in US bond yields prompted Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) to withdraw funds from the Indian stock market and redirect them to the US debt market.
Thirdly, the rise in crude oil prices. Geopolitical tensions between the US and Iran caused the price of Brent crude oil to exceed $102 per barrel, reigniting global inflation concerns. Since India imports over 85% of its crude oil needs, the price increase above $102 increases the risk of inflation and current account deficit (CAD) for the Indian economy.
Finally, weak signals from global markets. The mass sell-off of technology stocks in American markets on Wednesday, as well as sluggish trading in Asian markets, put pressure on Indian benchmark indices.
Market experts note that instability in the Indian market will persist until crude oil prices stabilize and US bond yields begin to decline. Retail investors are advised to maintain a cautious approach and avoid panic selling amid the current downturn.


