The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) expressed concern over the lack of information regarding a nuclear material and restricted access to the necessary facilities for verification, raising questions about nuclear proliferation.
The IAEA has been unable to access key nuclear facilities located in Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan since the twelve-day war, which was launched by Israel with US support in June 2025 and targeted these locations. Since the start of the conflict with Washington on February 28, the nuclear facilities have also been targets of attacks.
The international body acknowledged that military attacks targeting nuclear facilities in Iran have created an 'unprecedented situation.' Simultaneously, the IAEA emphasized the importance of inspectors being able to verify activities in Iran as soon as possible, as stipulated in the safeguards agreement under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), signed by Iran decades ago.
Rafael Grossi, Director General of the IAEA, reiterated the belief that chronic problems and recurring crises related to these issues must be resolved through a lasting and verifiable diplomatic agreement, according to the report.
Before the June 2025 attacks, the IAEA had estimated that the total of Iranian reserves of 60% enriched uranium—a level close to the 90% needed for nuclear weapon manufacturing—amounted to 440.9 kilograms, representing an increase of 32.3 kg compared to data from May 17 of the same year. The fate of this stock remains unknown.
Grossi mentioned in June that the general perception is that this stock remained in place before June 2025, near the fuel enrichment plant in Isfahan. The report also noted that there is no knowledge as to whether Iran has halted its uranium enrichment activities, a dual-use material, both civilian and military, which includes research and development.
Additionally, IAEA inspectors do not know if Iran has suspended all nuclear fuel reprocessing processes, nor do they have data on the current status of Iranian enriched uranium reserves or on the inventories of centrifuges and other related equipment.
Israel and the United States have long accused Iran of seeking to develop nuclear weapons. Tehran, for its part, has always denied such military intentions, defending its right to use the technology for civilian purposes. One of the conditions imposed by Washington to end the conflict with Tehran is that the Islamic Republic renounce its nuclear program.