The modern appearance of Mumbai can be misleading regarding its past, as this city was once not a single entity but a cluster of seven distinct island territories. Where skyscrapers stand today, wide streets run, local trains travel, and the lives of millions bustle, there were once only the sea, marshland, and the influence of tides. Over time, large-scale construction and land-connecting projects unified these seven islands, leading to Mumbai still being called the 'City of Seven Islands.'
These seven islands that formed present-day Mumbai included Bombay Island, Colaba, Old Woman's Island (Little Colaba), Matunga, Parel, Worli, and Mahim. Initially, these islands were inhabited by the nomadic fishing community of the Koli, whose culture and traditions can still be observed in many parts of Mumbai.
A historical turning point occurred in the 17th century. In 1661, these islands were acquired by the English administration as a dowry during the wedding of King Charles II of England and Princess Catherine of Portugal. A few years later, in 1668, they were leased to the East India Company. The company began developing them as both a trading and administrative center.
However, movement was difficult due to the presence of swamps and sea inlets between the different islands. Therefore, over time, work began on land reclamation and road construction. The Hornby Vellard project played a significant role in the city's formation. It started in 1782 under then-governor William Hornby and was completed in 1784. As part of this project, the Worli inlet was closed, and low-lying areas adjacent to the sea were filled in and connected. Subsequently, the other islands gradually began to connect, leading to the emergence of modern Mumbai.
Even as a massive metropolis, Mumbai retains traces of its history. The names of some neighborhoods and old settlements testify to the fact that it was once a cluster of seven separate islands. This unique history makes Mumbai one of the most interesting and special cities in India.