During the rainy season, snake bites have increased across the country, leading to the death of many people. Recently, several students died in a residential school complex in Maharashtra. Typically, a bite from venomous snakes, such as the Indian cobra and the common viper, is fatal, but it is important to know how to determine if the snake is venomous.
Dr. Kamaljeet Singh Kant, a senior physician from Delhi, explains that immediately after being bitten by a venomous snake, five main signs appear in the body. He notes that severe pain occurs at the bite site, and marks or scratches may appear. Intense burning is also observed, followed by gradual swelling.
The most serious symptom is shortness of breath and difficulty breathing. The person begins to take on a slight bluish tint, and they also experience nausea. Some types of snakes, such as the coral snake, secrete venom that affects the nervous system and the brain. With a bite from such a snake, the upper eyelid may begin to droop, which people sometimes mistakenly mistake for drowsiness. Tingling in the fingers and muscle weakness may also occur. In such cases, it is necessary to seek immediate medical attention, as inaction can lead to death.
If a hospital is far away, first aid can be administered following Dr. Kant's recommendations. All jewelry, watches, or tight clothing must be removed from the affected limb. The bite area should be washed with soap and water, and then covered with a loose, clean, dry bandage. It is important to minimize movement in the bite area. If possible, the time of the bite should be noted, as this information will help doctors understand the extent of the venom's spread.
Dr. Kant warns that many make mistakes that can worsen the patient's condition, especially in rural areas. The main mistake is tightly bandaging the bite site. Another common mistake is attempting to remove the venom independently, which is strictly forbidden.
It is also advisable to avoid taking painkillers such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or sodium naproxen, as this increases the risk of bleeding. If pain relief is required, acetaminophen can be taken, as it does not increase the probability of bleeding. Attempting to identify the type of snake can also aid in treatment.