Indian workers are training humanoid robots that could replace humans in the future

China intends to introduce robot dogs to work alongside astronauts in the future International Lunar Research Station (ILRS). According to information provided by the South China Morning Post, these machines will participate in the construction and maintenance of the base, explore resources, and perform daily tasks.

The ILRS is planned to be fully operational by 2035. Before this date, Beijing plans to send astronauts to the Moon to test technologies necessary for human-robot collaboration on the surface.

The proposed mission will include three astronauts. One of them will be able to control two robot dogs, while another will be responsible for collecting rocks and conducting other scientific research. The third crew member will remain inside the sealed module, coordinating the work of the other robots.

The machines will also take part in lunar resource exploration. Planned tasks include studying lava tubes, which are underground tunnels formed by flows of volcanic lava. These structures could be utilized in a future lunar outpost after the surface solidifies and the internal void is preserved.

The robot dogs will not be limited to heavy labor. The proposal includes a network of quadruped robots, wheeled vehicles, and articulated manipulators to perform routine operations at the station. They will be able to help regulate temperature and air, clean premises, care for plants, and prepare food. Furthermore, they must be capable of communicating with astronauts and providing companionship during their stay in the isolated environment.

Scientists noted that 'the proposed model of human-robot cooperation allows for the utilization of the strengths of both.' In their opinion, this model could serve as a guideline for the construction and operation of the lunar station.

China plans to send astronauts to the Moon before 2030 and complete the ILRS by 2035, cooperating with Russia and other countries. The base will be located near the Moon's south pole. By 2045, Beijing intends to expand the project with an orbital station.

The modules will have a diameter of about three meters, an internal volume of approximately sixteen cubic meters, and a mass of about ten tons. The materials must be resistant to radiation, extreme temperatures, and lunar dust.

The uncrewed Chang'e-7 mission is scheduled for late August 2026 and aims to search for water ice at the south pole. This resource could prove vital for future base inhabitants.

Nevertheless, technical challenges remain to be addressed. The artificial intelligence systems used by the robots were primarily trained in ground environments simulating the Moon. The station will also require the creation of its own communication and navigation infrastructure.

According to the scenario developed by researchers, humans will continue to make the most important decisions, while robots will carry out tasks autonomously.

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Oral cancer, or oral malignancy, represents one of the most serious public health challenges in India. Most patients are diagnosed with the disease only at late or critical stages. The primary reason for this is the necessity of invasive tests, such as biopsy, which requires an incision.

However, researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore have created an innovative, low-cost, and needle-free methodology. This technology allows for the detection of early signs of oral cancer using only saliva and swabs from the oral cavity.

In the study, scientists employed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique, comparing samples from healthy individuals, patients with fibrosis, and cancer patients. This method detects chemical changes occurring inside the mouth by collecting proteins and cells directly from the mucous membranes.

It was found that specific molecular changes related to fat, energy, oxidative stress, and the body's immune system manifest in saliva and swabs even before visible symptoms of the disease appear.

This groundbreaking research was conducted under the guidance of Professor Hema Chandra Jha from the 'Faculty of Life Sciences and Biomedical Engineering' at IIT Indore. Dr. Tarun Prakash Verma and Dr. Dipak Agrawal from the Government Dental College Indore participated in the work.

The study focused primarily on two conditions, as oral cancer is the most common and deadly type. This condition often develops in people who consume tobacco, supari, or chuna, which can subsequently lead to cancer development.

The results of this work were published in the prestigious journal 'British Journal of Cancer' and a patent application has been filed. The Director of IIT Indore, Professor Suhas Joshi, noted that the ultimate goal of research should serve society. He emphasized that this study transforms complex laboratory science into a very simple saliva analysis method, enabling painless cancer detection for ordinary patients across the country.

Professor Hem Chandra Jha, the lead researcher, stated that his intention is to convert these non-invasive markers into practical devices for regular monitoring of high-risk patients.