The study of the ocean presents significant difficulties due to high pressure at great depths and constant movement of surface waters, which leads to a lack of actual measurements. Consequently, oceanography relies heavily on numerical modeling methods and requires interaction between various scientific disciplines.
In the book titled 'This Unknown Ocean: How Tides Work, Storms Are Born, and Invisible Creatures Live in the Deep Sea,' the author Alexander Osadchiev explains how fields such as physical oceanography, marine biology, and marine geology contribute to the understanding of the World Ocean. This publication has been included in the list of candidates for the 'Enlightener' Award 2026.
The book includes a section that details geological surveys conducted on the seabed.

