According to the Eurasian Development Bank (EDB), Uzbekistan's trade turnover with EAEU member states reached 19.3 billion US dollars by the end of 2025. This figure is double the trade volume recorded in 2020. These countries account for about 30 percent of Uzbekistan's total foreign trade in goods.
Uzbekistan joined the EDB in 2025, becoming the bank's seventh member. Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan also joined the participants. In 2026, the bank began full operational activity in the country, including forming an investment portfolio and expanding interaction with Uzbek partners.
Over the five-year period, the volume of trade between Uzbekistan and EAEU members increased by approximately 10 billion US dollars. The bank attributes this growth to the deepening of regional economic ties, the development of transport and logistics infrastructure, and the expansion of industrial cooperation.
The majority of the trade volume comes from Russia and Kazakhstan, which together account for 85 percent of Uzbekistan's trade turnover with EAEU member states. In 2025, trade with Russia amounted to 11.7 billion US dollars, while with Kazakhstan it reached 4.7 billion US dollars. Following these are Kyrgyzstan with 1.1 billion US dollars, Belarus with 0.9 billion US dollars, Tajikistan with 0.8 billion US dollars, and Armenia with 0.04 billion US dollars.
Among Uzbekistan's imports from EAEU countries are petroleum products, cast iron, wood, grains, and metallurgical products. Uzbekistan's exports to the bank's member countries mainly include light industry and agribusiness products, such as clothing, fruits and nuts, cotton, vegetables, and auto components.
According to EDB estimates, the expansion of mutual trade with the bank's members opens up opportunities for further increasing intra-regional trade turnover and strengthening Uzbekistan's investment and industrial potential.
According to the National Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Statistics, the turnover of Uzbekistan's foreign trade from January to June 2026 reached 41 billion US dollars. This figure demonstrates an increase of $2.8 billion, which is 7.4% compared to the same period last year.
The growth in trade volume was driven by an increase in imports against a decrease in export volumes. Imports grew by 21% year-on-year, reaching $25.1 billion, while exports decreased by 8.8%, amounting to $15.9 billion. Consequently, the foreign trade deficit increased to $9.3 billion, up from $3.4 billion the previous year.
The main reason for the overall decline in exports was the sharp reduction in non-monetary gold supplies. The value of gold exports fell from $6.5 billion to $1.5 billion, and its share in the total export volume decreased from 37.3% to 9.5%. However, excluding gold, goods exports increased by 28.7% to $8.2 billion.
In the export structure, industrial goods accounted for 15.2%, other handmade products for 8.6%, food and live animals for 8.3%, and chemical products for 8.1%. Industrial goods exports grew to $2.4 billion, an increase of 22.8%, with textile yarn and fabric leading at $975.9 million and non-ferrous metals at $882 million. Exports of other handmade products almost doubled, reaching $1.36 billion, and clothing exports increased by 31.4% to $629.9 million. Chemical exports rose to $1.28 billion, mainly due to inorganic chemicals worth $789.1 million.
Exports of food and live animals increased by 9%, totaling $1.32 billion. The statistical agency noted an increase in fruit and vegetable supplies: 1,086,700 tons were exported over the six-month period for a total of $872.9 million, which is 3% more than the previous year. Supplies of onions, cabbage, carrots, and garlic increased in this category, while exports of sweet cherries and apricots decreased.
Textile exports grew by 24.1% to $1.6 billion, accounting for 10.1% of total merchandise exports. Finished textile goods made up 52.6% of textile exports, and yarn accounted for 31.1%. Services exports showed the strongest growth, increasing by 35.7% to $6.2 billion, representing 39.1% of the country's total export volume. Tourism and travel accounted for 52.9% of service exports, and transport services for 31.6%. Telecommunication and information services accounted for 8.8%, followed by other business services at 3%.
Imports of goods and services increased by 21% to $25.1 billion. Goods imports grew by $4 billion to $22.2 billion, while services imports reached $3 billion, an increase of 12.3%.
Machinery and transport equipment became the dominant item of import, accounting for 32.8% or $8.25 billion, an increase of 25.1%. In this group, automotive supplies showed the largest growth, increasing by 31.7% to $2 billion, with passenger car imports rising by 84.5%. Supplies of power generation equipment grew by 56%, and telecommunications equipment imports almost doubled.
Industrial goods accounted for 14.8% of imports, or $3.73 billion, led by cast iron and steel worth $1.48 billion. Chemical imports accounted for 12.1% totaling $3 billion, with medical and pharmaceutical products making up the largest share at $966.4 million. Food and live animal imports increased by 44.2% to $2.82 billion, including a 67.3% rise in grain imports to $761.1 million.
Petrol imports sharply increased by 78.5% to $409.5 million, while diesel fuel imports decreased by 11.1%. In the services sector, tourism and travel led imports at 43.8%, followed by transport services at 27.5%.
According to the report, Uzbekistan maintains trade relations with more than 195 countries. China remains the country's largest partner in terms of total trade volume with a share of 23.1%, followed by Russia with a share of 17.1%. Kazakhstan provided 6.8%, Turkey 3.4%, and Afghanistan 2.6%. Trade with Afghanistan grew by almost 50% over the year, reaching $1.08 billion.
Russia was the leading export destination, accounting for 14.9% of total exports, and China for 9%. Afghanistan accounted for 6.1%, while Kazakhstan and France each contributed 4.5%, Hong Kong 3.4%, and Turkey 3.3%. These five countries together accounted for more than half of Uzbekistan's exports. Exports to Hong Kong increased more than eightfold, from $72 million to $594.7 million.
The situation changed for imports: China took the first place with a share of 32%, and Russia 18.5%. Kazakhstan provided 8.2%, South Korea 3.6%, Turkey 3.5%, Germany 2.1%, and India 2%. These seven countries supply more than 70% of all goods and services imported into Uzbekistan.
Uzbekistan and Afghanistan held a meeting to discuss deepening economic cooperation. The parties confirmed the goal of increasing mutual trade volume to the mark of $5 billion and developing more favorable conditions for doing business.
The negotiations included Jamshid Khojaev, Deputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan, and Nur Ahmad Islamjar, Governor of the Afghan province of Herat. Representatives from the chambers of commerce of both countries, heads of relevant ministries, and businessmen were present.
The central topic of discussion was achieving the target turnover of $5 billion. Furthermore, the parties agreed to introduce special, preferential tariffs on fourteen items of Afghan products intended for export, and also provided for discounts on the transportation of goods by rail between the two states.
Mohammad Yunus Kazizad, Chairman of the Herat Chamber of Commerce and Industry, noted his region's interest in implementing joint investment projects and its readiness to assist in developing partnerships between Uzbek and Afghan enterprises. As a result of the meeting, it was decided to maintain continuous dialogue regarding logistics, trade, and investment issues.
Previously, Uzbekistan initiated the introduction of a new format of container railway transport directed to Afghanistan. This measure is expected to help reduce transportation costs and simplify the process of delivering goods for business circles.
