The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted approval for cetanamemab (Simtriyo) for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This drug possesses a fundamentally new mechanism of action, according to Otsuka Pharmaceutical.
Cetanamemab functions as a psychostimulant triple reuptake inhibitor of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin (NDSRI), becoming the first drug in this therapeutic class to receive licensure. The medication is released in controlled-release capsules, allowing for once-daily dosing. It is intended for both adults and children over six years old, provided their body weight is at least 20 kilograms.
The regulatory body's decision was based on data obtained from four multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trials. These trials included two studies among the adult population and one study among children and adolescents. As early as forty-two days after starting cetanamemab, it demonstrated a statistically significant improvement compared to the placebo group, as noted by the AISRS and ADHD-RS-5 scales. Furthermore, the overall tolerability of the drug was assessed as good.
Various side effects were recorded during the trials: children and adolescents experienced rash, decreased appetite, and headache and abdominal pain. Adults reported headache, decreased appetite, insomnia, nausea, dry mouth, and diarrhea. Commercial release of the drug is expected after obtaining the appropriate labeling from the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), although no signs of potential abuse, dependence development, or withdrawal syndrome were found during the clinical trials.
A separate analysis of data conducted within the American study showed a correlation between prior involvement in criminal activity and a 20 percent increased risk of seeking emergency medical care. Moreover, such a history was linked to an 82 percent increased probability of seeking care for substance use and a 54 percent increase for mental disorders. These results were published in the scientific journal PLoS One.
A new pilot study indicates that the timing of meals consumed may be a crucial factor for health, suggesting that restricting eating windows can help prevent cognitive decline in older adults.
Older overweight women who limited their meals to a specific time window showed superior performance in cognitive assessments compared to those who ate throughout the day. Specifically, those who consumed their meals between 10 am and 6 pm showed better results in cognitive tests.
During the clinical trial, 47 participants, aged between 50 and 79 and with overweight, were encouraged to reduce 500 calories from their daily diet for six months. Of this group, 26 volunteers followed the guidance to eat only within a nine-hour window, while the rest distributed their meals over 12 hours. At the end of the study, both groups achieved similar weight loss, averaging about 7 kg. However, the women who maintained limited meal consumption made fewer errors on memory and learning tests.
Although weight loss alone may slow cognitive decline, researchers argue that the difference observed between the groups suggests that paying attention to meal timing offers an additional benefit to weight reduction. Professor Wendy Hall of King's College London considers the study promising but emphasizes that the findings are preliminary and await the full, peer-reviewed version to confirm clinical significance.
Hall explains that time-restricted eating is a viable strategy to promote cognitive health in middle-aged and overweight older adults. This occurs not only by aiding in weight control but also because avoiding large late meals can optimize glycemic control, vascular function, and inflammation levels.
Researchers have been investigating the link between lifestyle and dementia risk. A survey conducted in 2024 by the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMUSP) indicated that 54% of dementia cases in Latin America may be attributable to modifiable risk factors, such as lifestyle or medical treatments. Globally, the projection is nearly 57 million affected people, concentrated mainly in low- and middle-income nations. Factors such as age and genetics are unavoidable, but conditions like midlife obesity can increase the risk of developing dementia over a lifetime by 30%.
Another author of the research, Professor Sue Shapses of Rutgers University in New Jersey (USA), classified the results as 'modest'. She and her colleagues plan to investigate the reason for the importance of meal timing, theorizing that the answer lies in a complex interaction involving circadian rhythms, metabolism, and inflammation.
Twelve-year-old Johaine Hendricks from Erste River is battling bone cancer, hoping to fulfill his football dreams once his family can raise enough money for a prosthetic leg.
A seventh-grade student, Hendricks is currently not attending school as he undergoes chemotherapy. The situation began last July when he discovered a small lump just above his ankle during a football match. Initially, the doctor suspected it was a cyst.
Later, Hendricks was referred to Tigerberg Hospital, where various tests and an MRI revealed terrible news—he had bone cancer, known as osteosarcoma. Since Hendricks loved spending time on the football field, he frequently attended hospital appointments.
Doctors determined that the cancer had spread, necessitating the amputation of his leg. In November, he underwent this life-saving surgery, resulting in the amputation of his leg. After the operation, hospital wards became his second home, and chemotherapy became part of his weekly routine, replacing school and time with friends.
The non-profit organization Kids-Can Cancer Foundation is raising funds to purchase a prosthesis and provide assistance to the family with daily needs. They noted that his dream is to kick a football again.
This journey has been an emotional and financial ordeal for the family. His mother, Jodie Daniels, is the sole provider, receiving help from her own mother to care for her son. The organization reported that his mother watched her boy cry not from pain, but because he felt his dream of football was over.
His mother writes that there are days when Johaine is exhausted and simply does not want to go back to the hospital. Nevertheless, together they find the strength to continue. Emotionally, this journey has affected the entire family, and financially, it has become almost unbearable. As the sole provider, Johaine's mother bears enormous responsibility for supporting the family while ensuring her son does not miss any doctor's visits. She is willing to make any sacrifices to ensure her son receives the best care.
Today, Johaine has overcome unimaginable obstacles, but there is one thing that can give him back some of the childhood that cancer tried to steal. The organization emphasized that the prosthesis will give him independence and self-confidence, as well as the opportunity to dream again. Kids Can Cancer Foundation appeals to the public to support this brave young warrior by helping with the prosthesis or recommending companies, organizations, or individuals who can assist.
The Molinette Hospital in Turin, located in northern Italy, announced that patient Elena, aged 67, has regained her sight following a complex operation.
Previously, Elena completely lost her sight as a result of a serious road traffic accident. This accident caused irreversible damage to the optic nerve of her left eye, preventing light from being transmitted from the eye to the brain, even though the eye structures themselves remained intact. Furthermore, her right eye was already affected by macular dystrophy, and the trauma led to irreversible damage to the retina and corneal transparency.
According to the hospital, the complete destruction of the part containing stem cells made classical corneal transplantation impossible, condemning the woman to blindness. However, this previously considered insurmountable barrier was overcome by Professor Michele Reibaldi and his medical team after performing an extremely complex intervention that lasted about six hours.
During the procedure, doctors extracted and transplanted a complete anatomical block from the left eye into the right eye, which was no longer functioning. This block included the cornea, sclera, conjunctiva, and, for the first time in the world, the central part of the retina—the macula. Thanks to this 'biological transplant,' vision was restored using both affected eyes.
Michele Ribaldi, director of the university ophthalmology clinic at Molinette Hospital, commented that the evaluation of how effectively the implanted retina will function is now awaited, but the initial results look promising.
