The United States has taken an important step to enable the operation of nuclear power plants in a maritime environment in the future. The government released an agreement detailing how such projects will be evaluated in waters under federal jurisdiction.
Energy Strategy and Initial Plan
This initiative is part of the Donald Trump administration's strategy, aiming to increase nuclear energy production in the coming decades. Despite this announcement, no commercial project has been formally approved in the US yet. However, interest in floating nuclear power plants has been growing in various countries.
Currently, only Russia operates such a facility, which is the Akademik Lomonosov, located on the far eastern edge of Russian territory.
Regulatory Framework Established
The agreement was formalized between the Marine Minerals Administration (MMA), which is linked to the Department of the Interior, and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The main objective is to establish a normative reference for future installations on the Outer Continental Shelf, a vast maritime area of approximately 3.2 billion acres under federal control.
Matt Giacona, interim director of the MMA, emphasized that similar submerged reactor systems have been used for decades in naval missions, proving the potential of this technology in maritime contexts. According to him, this approach has the power to 'significantly strengthen the energy security of the United States in the future.'
Global Race for Nuclear Technology
The use of reactors in submarines, military vessels, and icebreakers has been a consolidated practice for many years. The innovation lies in attempting to adapt this experience to generate electricity in fixed structures in the ocean. Several countries are developing projects in this regard, including the United States, Canada, China, Denmark, South Korea, and Russia.
Jeremy Bowen, director of the NRC's Advanced Reactors Office, clarified that the pact creates 'a clear framework' to guide future interested parties, providing greater regulatory security and enabling 'the safe, protected, and efficient deployment of emerging nuclear technologies.'
Criticism and Future Perspectives
The Trump administration declared its intention to quadruple nuclear energy generation by 2050 while planning to suspend offshore wind energy projects. Although the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) recognizes the potential of nuclear energy to reduce carbon emissions, this aspect is not the focus of the current American administration's energy policy.
The proposal also faced objections from environmental groups. Nick Katkevich, representing the Center for Biological Diversity, classified the idea as a threat to ocean ecosystems. He argued that 'the Trump administration seems to have an endless supply of bad ideas to harm marine life, and nuclear reactors on old rusty oil platforms are one of the worst.'
It is important to note that, for now, no plant will be built; the agreement only serves to define the guidelines that will guide the analysis of any investments in this business model.