Samarkand is transforming from a historical heritage site into an important platform for discussing the ecological future of Central Asia. Given land degradation and climate change, the region's primary task is nature restoration.
International Initiatives and Funding
Issues related to this problem were discussed within the framework of the 'Silk Road Caravan' initiative and the GEF-8 Assembly. Approximately 152 million hectares of land in Central Asia are suffering from desertification, and more than half of the population feels the effects of this phenomenon. Consequently, international partners have launched major financial programs for Uzbekistan and the entire region.
Projects such as the 'Mountain Ecosystems of Central Asia' program, valued at $5.4 million, and the 'Central Asia Water and Land Nexus' program, worth $26 million, have been approved. These funds will be directed towards land restoration, water resource management, and the formation of climate-resilient systems.
Uzbekistan's National Strategies
Uzbekistan does not rely solely on external aid in this process. Under the national program 'Yashil maqon' (Green Space), 200 million seedlings are planted annually, and by 2030, the share of green areas is planned to increase from 15% to 30%. This is considered one of the pillars of the national strategy to combat climate change.
Restoration Examples in Samarkand
The experience of Omonqoton in the Samarkand region demonstrates that nature restoration goes far beyond planting trees. Here, the natural productivity of the land is being restored through scientific planning of grazing seasons, long rest periods for certain areas, planting drought-resistant trees such as almonds, acacia, and kayragoch, as well as constructing rainwater harvesting structures.
Even beekeeping has become an important part of the ecosystem. Bees accelerate natural restoration processes by pollinating plants, and honey creates an additional source of income for the local population.
Project in Nurobod
One of the most effective projects is the implementation in the Nurobod district. Plans include creating 50,000 hectares of pasture on previously unusable land. This project aims not only to restore degraded lands but also to create a stable economic model for the rural population. According to the plan, once the pastures begin to yield crops, 5-hectare plots will be leased to low-income families. Experts estimate that this initiative could become a permanent source of income for nearly 10,000 families in the future.
Conclusion on Climate Action
The main conclusion of the document is that the fight against climate change is not just an environmental issue, but a problem directly linked to the economy, food security, employment, and regional stability. The discussions initiated in Samarkand promote precisely this approach: nature conservation is viewed not as an expense, but as the most important investment in the future.