Foreign citizens from various African nations, such as Ghana, Nigeria, Malawi, Mozambique, Uganda, and Zimbabwe, have left South Africa through repatriation programs organized by their respective governments over several weeks.
Context of the Migration Crisis
South Africa, traditionally a point of arrival for African workers, has been facing intense protests and unrest against immigrants. These latter are frequently accused of competing for jobs with South African citizens.
Nigerian Repatriation Operation
Kimiebi Ebienfa, spokesperson for the Nigerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, confirmed the return of 1,490 Nigerians from South Africa following a series of humanitarian flights coordinated between June and July. In a statement released on Wednesday, Ebienfa specified that a fifth Air Peace flight departed from Johannesburg that morning, transporting 305 Nigerians and three government officials responsible for supervision.
The operation was implemented in direct response to security concerns generated by continuous xenophobic attacks against foreigners, including Nigerians.
Impact of Xenophobic Violence
Government data indicates that xenophobic violence has resulted in the death of 11 Mozambicans. Furthermore, there was an armed attack in the South African province of Gauteng on Tuesday, which left two more citizens seriously injured, linked to violence against immigrants, according to the Mozambique Information Office (Gabinfo).
Regarding Mozambique, the country has received up to 1,363 repatriated citizens who are victims of this violence, joining 6,156 Malawians who passed through the territory affected by the same situation.
Other Affected Countries
Malawi reported repatriating 38,000 citizens in just one month at the beginning of July, while Zimbabwe recorded the repatriation of 21,300 people.
Statements and Requests
The Prime Minister of Nigeria declared that there were no signs of improvement in the situation, announcing new repatriation flights. She requested Pretoria to investigate the deaths of two Nigerians, attributing them to the anti-immigration campaign, although the South African police denied any link between these deaths and the protests. The wave of violence also manifested through looting and criminal arson in commercial establishments.