As temperatures rise across the United Arab Emirates (UAE), air conditioning systems have become vital for residents seeking refuge from the summer heat. Many people spend a large part of the day moving between heavily cooled indoor spaces and outdoor temperatures exceeding 40°C, whether at home, in offices, shopping malls, or restaurants.
Risks of Constant Temperature Swings
However, doctors warn that this continuous cycle of artificial cooling and extreme heat can negatively affect the body. While air conditioning remains necessary to prevent heat-related illnesses, prolonged exposure to cold, dry air, sharp temperature changes, and malfunctioning systems can contribute to a range of health issues—from dry eyes and respiratory irritation to headaches, allergies, and fatigue.
For residents such as office workers, children, and elderly relatives who spend much time indoors, the key is not to abandon air conditioning, but to use it correctly.
Impact on the Respiratory System
Dr. Mohammed Aslam, a pulmonologist at the International Modern Hospital Dubai, noted that prolonged exposure to cold, dry air can affect the respiratory system, especially among vulnerable populations. He explained that long-term exposure to such air can cause dryness in the nose and throat, eye irritation, and exacerbate allergies or asthma in susceptible individuals. Furthermore, poorly maintained air conditioning systems can spread dust and mold, triggering respiratory symptoms.
From Thermal Shock to 'Brain Fog'
According to doctors, when residents frequently move from hot, humid conditions into heavily cooled spaces, the body is forced to constantly adapt to sudden environmental changes. Dr. Mazza Salahuddin, a family medicine specialist at NMC Specialty Hospital Al Ain, described the summer routine in the UAE as a constant transition between 'cooled indoor environments, air-conditioned cars, and intense external heat.'
She added that prolonged exposure to cold conditions can lead to discomfort and exhaustion. Dr. Salahuddin explained that hours spent in very cold rooms cause localized vasoconstriction in the head and neck, which often leads to tension headaches and a general feeling of sluggishness or 'brain fog.'
The abrupt shift between extreme temperatures also puts a strain on the body's natural regulatory systems. Dr. Salahuddin termed this phenomenon 'thermal shock,' as the rapid transition from external heat above 40°C with high humidity to an internal temperature of 20°C places immediate regulatory stress on the body. She emphasized that while thermal shock can affect anyone, those with asthma and allergies, young children, the elderly, and individuals with cardiovascular diseases are at higher risk.
Tips for Healthy AC Use
Doctors insist that residents do not have to choose between staying cool and maintaining health. Small adjustments to daily routines can make the indoor environment more comfortable. Dr. Eman Hassan, an internal medicine specialist at Burjeel Medical Center Al Marina, reported that residents can continue to use air conditioners safely by making a few changes.
She advised keeping the room temperature in a comfortable range of about 23–25°C, rather than making the environment excessively cold. Additionally, she recommended drinking enough fluids, avoiding prolonged sitting directly under AC vents, and wearing a light sweater or shawl when spending extended time in heavily air-conditioned areas. Hassan also reminded the necessity of regular air conditioner filter cleaning, as trapped dust, mold, and allergens can worsen respiratory symptoms.
Experts particularly highlighted the importance of regular AC maintenance. The goal, according to specialists, is not to avoid air conditioning, but to use it wisely: by maintaining moderate temperatures, staying hydrated, and ensuring good indoor air quality, since air conditioning is essential in the UAE during the summer to prevent heat-related illnesses.