According to IMD data, the southwest (summer) monsoon has spread across the entire country, reaching the remaining parts of Rajasthan, Haryana, and Punjab on Thursday. This occurred one day later than the planned date for full coverage of India, which was July 8.
Monsoon Season Dynamics
It took the monsoon 36 days to fully cover the country after it started its three-day delay over Kerala on June 4. Typically, the monsoon covers all of India in 38 days (from June 1 to July 8). It usually begins to withdraw from northwestern India around September 17 and completely leaves by October 15.
However, an early or late start/coverage of the monsoon does not affect the quantitative or spatial aspects of rainfall during the four-month season. Nevertheless, it determines the course of sowing operations for summer-sown crops (kharif) and crop selection, as farmers are forced to make decisions based on the irrigation cycle that the plant may require.
Rainfall Status and Agriculture
Thanks to good rainfall over the last eight days, the monsoon has reduced the overall national cumulative deficit (from June 1 to July 9) from 40% as of June 30 to 14% on Thursday. However, the uneven distribution of rainfall creates another problem: 10 states, including Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Kerala, Punjab, Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, and Goa, still report a significant deficit.
Consequently, sowing operations in these states are progressing slowly, affecting the total area sown. Data as of July 6 shows that the area sown with kharif crops has decreased by 21% compared to the same period last year, with a reduction in sown area for rice, pulses, oilseeds, millet, and cotton compared to 2025.
Weather Forecasts and Risk Zones
The current temporary relief from the low phase of the monsoon is likely to be short-lived in some parts of the country. For instance, the meteorological department predicted on Thursday a 'significant decrease in rainfall activity' in central India, including Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh, as well as in the southern peninsula of India in the coming days. This will affect the 'monsoon core'—the zone dependent on rain for agricultural operations.


