Art therapy and other methods helped parents of newborns with illnesses cope with depression and anxiety

Study Methodology

A group of researchers led by Claire Nighaus Milligan from Cincinnati Children's Hospital conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis, examining 160 studies with a total sample size of 16,639 parents. The goal of the work was to determine the effectiveness of various psychological approaches to minimize distress in parents whose newborns were transferred to the intensive care or resuscitation unit.

Effectiveness of Various Interventions

It was found that family-centered care, where the family participates in treatment as a full partner, as well as psychotherapeutic interventions and emotional support activities, demonstrated a reduction in parental stress with a larger effect size. Preliminary data indicate that individual methods had a stronger overall impact compared to group methods, and structured interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, showed a slightly greater effect. Additionally, meditation and holistic practices were associated with a significant reduction in parental stress with an average effect size.

Reduction of Parental Anxiety

The scientists then studied which specific methods best help reduce parental anxiety. Measures aimed at strengthening the emotional bond between the infant and the parents, including co-presence in the room, significantly eased the parents' condition. A similar positive effect was observed when using family-centered care and emotional support methods. It was found that psychotherapy is equally effective in combating parental anxiety in both group and individual formats. A significant effect was also noted for expressive therapy. Several studies mentioned that adding music therapy to kangaroo care also helped reduce parental anxiety. Regarding depressive symptoms, a significant reduction was linked to psychotherapy, expressive therapy, and art therapy.

Conclusion and Recommendations

According to the authors, the findings underscore the urgent need to create integrated mental health services in neonatal intensive care units. Moreover, the key factor supporting the mental well-being of parents appears to be the formation of a stable bond between them and their child.